GOST 12.1.044-2018 PDF

Full title and description

GOST 12.1.044-2018 — "Occupational safety standards system. Fire and explosion hazard of substances and materials. Nomenclature of indices and methods of their determination" (Система стандартов безопасности труда. Пожаровзрывоопасность веществ и материалов. Номенклатура показателей и методы их определения).

Abstract

This interstate standard establishes a unified nomenclature of fire- and explosion‑hazard indicators for substances and materials and specifies methods for determining those indicators. It applies to simple substances, chemical compounds and their mixtures in different aggregate states (including polymeric and composite materials) used across industry, transport and household applications; selected test methods are also applicable to building and finishing materials. The standard excludes explosives and radioactive materials.

General information

• Status: Introduced (adopted 5 Oct 2018; brought into effect 1 May 2019). The standard has since been subject to amendments and temporary suspensions/resumptions; Amendment No. 1 was introduced into force on 31 Dec 2024.
• Publication date: 2018 (officially introduced 1 May 2019).
• Publisher: Federal Agency on Technical Regulation and Metrology (Rosstandart); developed by VNIIPO of the Ministry of Emergency Situations (МЧС — ВНИИПО).
• ICS / categories: Protection against fire — OKS/ICS 13.220.01.
• Edition / version: Edition 2018 (GOST 12.1.044-2018); Amendment No. 1 introduced in 2024.
• Number of pages: Approximately 219 pages (page count may vary by publisher/format).

Scope

The standard defines which fire- and explosion‑hazard indicators are to be used when characterizing substances and materials and prescribes standardized test methods for their determination. It covers gaseous, liquid and solid substances, chemical compounds and mixtures, polymeric and composite materials, and — for many test methods — building and finishing materials. It does not apply to explosive or radioactive materials. The methods span ignition and flash characteristics, burning behavior, smoke-generation and toxicity parameters, and other criteria used for fire hazard assessment.

Key topics and requirements

• Standardized nomenclature of fire- and explosion-hazard indicators (flash point, ignition temperature, self‑ignition, burning rate, smoldering temperature, etc.).
• Prescribed test methods and procedures for determining each indicator (sampling, conditioning, test apparatus and test conditions).
• Application of selected test methods to building and finishing materials where specified.
• Exclusions and special cases: explosives and radioactive substances are excluded from the scope.
• Use of results for regulatory compliance, fire-safety classification and development of protective measures in design, production and transport.

Typical use and users

Used by testing and certification laboratories, manufacturers of chemicals, polymers and composite materials, fire-safety engineers, regulatory authorities and bodies responsible for occupational safety and transport safety, as well as research institutions performing fire behavior assessments and safety classification. Results from tests performed per this standard are used for hazard classification, labeling, selection of protective measures and conformity assessment.

Related standards

Replaces and updates the earlier GOST 12.1.044-89. It is part of the broader "System of Occupational Safety Standards" (SSBT) family and interfaces with other national and interstate standards on fire safety, test methods and material safety; it is commonly referenced in conformity and regulatory materials related to fire protection requirements.

Keywords

fire hazard; explosion hazard; flash point; ignition temperature; self‑ignition; burning rate; smoke generation; toxicity; fire testing; nomenclature of indicators; GOST 12.1.044.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: An interstate occupational-safety standard that defines a nomenclature of fire and explosion hazard indicators for substances and materials and specifies methods to determine them.

Q: What does it cover?

A: Test indicators and methods for characterizing fire and explosion hazards of simple substances, chemical compounds and mixtures (including polymeric and composite materials); selected methods extend to building and finishing materials. Explosives and radioactive materials are excluded.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Testing laboratories, manufacturers, fire-safety engineers, certification bodies and regulatory authorities involved in material classification, conformity assessment and fire-safety risk mitigation.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: The base document is GOST 12.1.044-2018 (introduced 1 May 2019). It has been subject to administrative suspensions/resumptions and received Amendment No. 1, which entered into force on 31 Dec 2024; users should verify the current legal/applicability status with the national standards body (Rosstandart) or their national adoption records before relying on the standard for compliance purposes.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: Yes. It is part of the System of Occupational Safety Standards (ССБТ / SSBT) addressing fire safety and material hazard testing and is intended to be used alongside other GOST standards covering test methods, safety management and protective measures.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Flash point, ignition, self‑ignition, burning rate, smoke generation coefficient, toxicity, fire and explosion hazard, fire testing.