GOST 12.1.044-89 PDF

Full title and description

GOST 12.1.044-89 — Система стандартов безопасности труда. Пожаровзрывоопасность веществ и материалов. Номенклатура показателей и методы их определения (Occupational safety standards system. Fire and explosion hazard of substances and materials. Nomenclature of indices and methods of their determination). This standard establishes the set of fire- and explosion-hazard indicators for substances and materials and describes standardized methods for determining those indicators.

Abstract

GOST 12.1.044-89 defines terminology, the nomenclature of quantitative and qualitative indices of fire and explosion hazard for pure substances, chemical compounds and mixtures (including polymeric and composite materials), and gives standardized test methods to determine those indices. The standard excludes explosive and radioactive materials and was aligned with relevant ISO/IEC documents in its editions.

General information

• Status: Replaced / withdrawn (superseded by GOST 12.1.044-2018; withdrawal information indicates end of validity in 2019).
• Publication date: Original designation year 1989; came into force (official publication/effective date) 01 January 1991.
• Publisher: Interstate/State standards authority (Межгосударственный стандарт / Gosstandart system of standards).
• ICS / categories: Fire safety / safety of substances and materials — OKS/ICS classification cited in records (for example OKS 13.220.40).
• Edition / version: Original 1989 GOST (with recorded amendments, e.g., amendment in 2000); later officially replaced by the 2018 edition.
• Number of pages: Published versions typically run about 100–104 pages depending on edition/format (commercial listings show ~100–104 pages).

Scope

The standard applies to simple substances, chemical compounds and their mixtures in various aggregate states and combinations, including polymeric and composite materials used across industry, transport and household applications. It specifies which materials are covered and explicitly excludes explosive and radioactive substances. Several methods described also extend to building and finishing materials where indicated.

Key topics and requirements

• Definition and nomenclature of fire- and explosion-hazard indices for substances and materials (terminology and classification).
• Standardized test methods for measuring key parameters such as flammability/combustibility, ignition and auto‑ignition temperatures, limits of flammability, heat release characteristics, burning rate, and related indices.
• Methods for assessing smoke generation and smoke-forming characteristics (smoke generation coefficient and related measurements).
• Reference to international standards and harmonization (e.g., correspondence with ISO 4589-84 and other ISO/SEV documents noted in annexes).
• Guidance on sample preparation, test conditions (temperature, humidity, pressure) and reporting of results to ensure reproducibility.

Typical use and users

Used by fire‑safety laboratories, materials testing and certification bodies, manufacturers of chemicals, polymers and composite materials, regulators and technical committees concerned with occupational safety and fire protection, and designers/specifiers who need standardized hazard data for risk assessments and product classification.

Related standards

References and alignment with several international and regional standards are included in the document (for example ISO 4589-84 and related ISO methods). Later Russian GOST revisions and other fire-safety standards (for example GOST 30244-series for building materials) are related or cited in subsequent normative references. The standard was superseded by GOST 12.1.044-2018.

Keywords

fire hazard, explosion hazard, flammability, autoignition temperature, ignition temperature, burning rate, smoke generation, nomenclature, test methods, materials, polymers, GOST, ISO 4589

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: GOST 12.1.044-89 is a USSR/Interstate occupational safety standard that defines the nomenclature of fire- and explosion-hazard indices for substances and materials and specifies methods for determining those indices.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers simple substances, chemical compounds and mixtures in various physical states (including polymers and composites), listing hazard indicators and standard test procedures for parameters such as flammability, ignition/auto‑ignition temperatures, heat release and smoke characteristics; it excludes explosive and radioactive materials.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Fire-safety testing laboratories, certification bodies, manufacturers and designers of materials, regulatory authorities responsible for occupational and fire safety, and technical committees preparing related normative documents.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: It has been superseded — the record shows it was replaced by GOST 12.1.044-2018 and withdrawn from force records (end-of-validity information noted around 2019). Users should consult the 2018 edition or current national/regional standards for the latest requirements.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: Yes — it is part of the System of Occupational Safety Standards (ССБТ / SSBТ) and references other GOST/ISO/SEV standards for specific test methods and related topics; it also replaces an earlier 1984 edition (GOST 12.1.044-84) in its historical sequence.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Fire hazard; explosion hazard; flammability; ignition temperature; autoignition; smoke generation; test methods; materials; polymers; nomenclature; GOST; ISO 4589.