ASTM RR-D05-1036 2008 PDF

Full title and description

St ASTM RR-D05-1036 2008 — ASTM Research Report RR:D05-1036 (approved October 15, 2008). This research report documents an interlaboratory study carried out to support ASTM Standard D7348, "Standard Test Methods for Loss on Ignition (LOI) of Solid Combustion Residues." The study involved nineteen laboratories and eleven test samples to establish a repeatability statement for the D7348 test methods.

Abstract

This research report (RR:D05-1036, 2008) records the design, raw data, and statistical analysis from an interlaboratory round-robin in support of ASTM D7348. The objective was to develop precision (repeatability) information for the LOI test methods for solid combustion residues, covering typical LOI procedures (including heating to prescribed temperatures such as 750 °C and 950 °C) and to document observed variability between laboratories.

General information

• Status: Research report (approved) supporting ASTM D7348; offered by ASTM International.
• Publication date: Approved October 15, 2008.
• Publisher: ASTM International (Committee D05 — Coal and Coke / Subcommittee D05.29).
• ICS / categories: Energy and heat transfer engineering; testing and analysis of combustion residues (ICS 27.020 and related testing categories).
• Edition / version: RR:D05-1036 (2008) — Research report supporting Standard D7348 (various published editions of D7348 exist, including 2007/2008 and later revisions).
• Number of pages: Report listed as 38 pages in commercial cataloging and reseller listings.

Scope

The report documents an interlaboratory precision study for Test Methods D7348, which cover determination of mass loss (loss on ignition, LOI) from solid combustion residues when heated in an air or oxygen atmosphere to prescribed temperatures (commonly 750 °C or 950 °C). D7348 specifies sample preparation, heating atmosphere, temperatures, hold times, and calculation of LOI; it also explains significance, typical uses, and limitations (for example, LOI is not always a direct measure of unburned carbon). The research report provides the experimental data and statistical analysis used to establish repeatability statements for the standard.

Key topics and requirements

• Definition and significance of LOI (mass loss on heating of combustion residues).
• Standardized heating procedures (typical reference temperatures: 750 °C and 950 °C), atmospheres (air or oxygen), and holding times.
• Sample preparation and representative sampling of combustion residues and fly ash.
• Calculation of LOI as percent mass loss and reporting conventions.
• Limitations: LOI is affected by moisture, carbonates, sulfates and other reactions; it does not always equal unburned carbon—use Test Method D6316 for direct unburned carbon determination when required.
• Interlaboratory precision data: results from nineteen participating laboratories and eleven samples used to derive repeatability statements.

Typical use and users

Used by industrial and research laboratories involved with coal, coke, municipal and industrial combustion residues, and by the cement and construction materials industry where LOI affects material performance. Typical users include combustion engineers, ash laboratories, cement producers, environmental testing labs, and standards organizations seeking validated precision information for D7348 test methods.

Related standards

D7348 references and interacts with several other ASTM methods for sample preparation and complementary measurements — for example, Test Method D6316 (total, combustible and carbonate carbon in solid residues), Test Methods D3682/D4326/D6349 for ash preparation and elemental analysis, and D3174/D7582 for ash yields — users should consult D7348 for the complete list of referenced standards and the recommended procedures for preparing ashes and measuring trace elements.

Keywords

LOI, loss on ignition, combustion residues, fly ash, ash analysis, repeatability, interlaboratory study, D7348, RR:D05-1036, ASTM, coal and coke, precision and bias.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: RR:D05-1036 is an ASTM research report (approved October 15, 2008) that documents an interlaboratory study performed to support ASTM Standard D7348, "Standard Test Methods for Loss on Ignition (LOI) of Solid Combustion Residues."

Q: What does it cover?

A: The report covers the interlaboratory experiment design, participating laboratories (nineteen), test samples (eleven), raw and processed data, and statistical analysis used to produce precision (repeatability) statements for the LOI methods in D7348. D7348 itself covers procedures for measuring mass loss on heating (commonly at 750 °C or 950 °C) and related requirements for sample handling and calculation.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Laboratories and technical personnel in coal, coke, power generation, ash-utilization (including cement and construction materials), environmental testing, and researchers who need validated LOI test procedures and precision information. Standards committees and quality managers also use the report when applying D7348.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: RR:D05-1036 is the 2008 research report documenting an interlaboratory study for D7348; the underlying test standard D7348 has been revised after 2008 (see later editions such as D7348-13 and D7348-21). The research report remains the documented interlaboratory support for the precision statements it contains; users should consult the latest published edition of D7348 for current test-method text and any newer precision statements or amendments.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: The report is part of ASTM's Research Report series (RR: by committee), here RR:D05-1036 under Committee D05 (Coal and Coke) / Subcommittee D05.29; ASTM issues many research reports supporting precision and bias statements for related test methods in the D05 committee.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: LOI, loss on ignition, D7348, combustion residues, fly ash, repeatability, precision, interlaboratory study, RR:D05-1036, ASTM International.