GOST 20901-75 PDF

Full title and description

GOST 20901-75 — Refractory and high-refractory products for lining of air-heaters and hot-blast mains of blast furnaces. Technical conditions. (Original title in Russian: "Изделия огнеупорные и высокоогнеупорные для кладки воздухонагревателей и воздухопроводов горячего дутья доменных печей. Технические условия"). The standard specifies types, designation, technical requirements, acceptance rules and test methods for refractory shapes and blocks used in the lining of blast-furnace air-heaters and hot-blast ducts.

Abstract

GOST 20901-75 establishes requirements for refractory and high-refractory products intended for construction and repair of air-heaters and hot-blast mains of blast furnaces. It defines product types and marking, chemical and physical property limits (refractoriness, composition, density, open porosity), dimensional and geometric tolerances, mechanical strength criteria, methods of sampling and testing, acceptance rules for batches, and rules for labeling and shipment. The standard was issued in the Soviet era and later amended several times; it has been superseded by a later edition/updated standard.

General information

• Status: Replaced / superseded (historical GOST; later edition published).
• Publication date: 1975 (standard designation year); entered into force 01 January 1977.
• Publisher: Interstate standard (GOST) — USSR State Committee for Standards (Gosstandart) / Межгосударственный стандарт.
• ICS / categories: 81.080 (ceramics and refractory products).
• Edition / version: Original designation GOST 20901-75 with multiple amendments (noted amendments in 1981, 1984, 1987, 1989, 1992); later replaced by a 2016 edition of GOST 20901.
• Number of pages: 23 (original text).

Scope

The standard applies to shaped refractory and high-refractory products designed specifically for lining air-heaters (regenerators) and hot-blast ducts (hot-blast mains) of blast furnaces. It covers both monolithic shapes (bricks, blocks, hexagonal and special-profile packing pieces) and shaped components intended for operating temperatures and mechanical stresses typical of blast-furnace hot-blast systems. Requirements include material composition, thermal properties, dimensional accuracy and mechanical strength, plus inspection and acceptance procedures for production batches.

Key topics and requirements

• Product types and marking: classification of shapes (wall bricks, packing/hexagonal pieces, dome and plug components) and rules for marking and labeling.
• Material composition: specified ranges and test methods for major oxides (Al2O3, SiO2, FeO) and classification of high-refractory vs. refractory grades.
• Thermal properties: refractoriness (pyrometric cone equivalent), temperature of onset of softening and limits for additional shrinkage or growth after heat treatment.
• Physical properties: open porosity, bulk and apparent density requirements for specific product groups.
• Mechanical properties: compressive strength requirements (including test sample geometry and procedures) for different product types and thicknesses.
• Dimensional and geometric tolerances: length, width, thickness tolerances, allowable curvature, edge/chamfer defects and permissible deviations for shaped parts.
• Sampling and acceptance: rules for batch formation, sample sizes and parameters to test during acceptance (appearance, dimensions, porosity, strength, composition, refractoriness).
• Testing methods: references to established GOST test procedures for chemical analysis, density, porosity, refractoriness and strength; details on specimen preparation and measurement techniques.
• Packaging, marking and shipment: requirements for labeling, documentation accompanying deliveries and storage/handling notes relevant to product condition on receipt.

Typical use and users

Primary users are refractory manufacturers, quality control and materials laboratories, blast-furnace steelworks and foundries, procurement specialists for heavy industry, and engineering designers responsible for furnace lining and repair. The standard is used to specify product acceptance criteria in purchase contracts, to design and select lining components and to establish testing programs in production and in-plant quality assurance.

Related standards

GOST 20901-75 cross-references numerous test and materials standards (chemical analysis, refractoriness, mechanical tests and porosity/density methods). It replaced earlier standards on refractory products and in turn was superseded by a later edition of GOST 20901 (2016). Typical referenced GOSTs include standards for refractoriness determination, softening temperature, chemical oxide analysis, porosity and density measurement and compressive strength testing used in the ceramics/refractory sector.

Keywords

GOST 20901-75, refractory products, high-refractory, air-heater lining, hot-blast mains, blast furnace, bricks, packing pieces, technical conditions, refractoriness, porosity, compressive strength, dimensional tolerances, acceptance rules.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: GOST 20901-75 is a Soviet-era technical standard that sets technical conditions for refractory and high-refractory shaped products used in lining air-heaters and hot-blast ducts of blast furnaces.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers product classification and marking, chemical and physical property limits (composition, refractoriness, porosity, density), dimensional and geometric tolerances, mechanical strength requirements, sampling and acceptance procedures, and test methods or references to test methods.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Refractory manufacturers, metallurgical plant engineers, procurement and quality assurance departments in steel and iron plants, and testing laboratories use this standard to specify, produce and accept lining components for blast-furnace hot-blast systems.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: The 1975 edition is a historical GOST that was amended several times and subsequently superseded by a later edition of GOST 20901 (published in the 2010s). For current regulatory or procurement use, consult the newest replacing standard or the national/regional active standard.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: It is part of the body of GOST standards dealing with refractory and ceramic products and refers to many companion GOSTs for test methods (chemical analysis, refractoriness, porosity, strength). It also replaced several older GOSTs and itself was later replaced by an updated GOST 20901 edition.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Refractory, high-refractory, blast furnace, air-heater, hot-blast mains, bricks, packing pieces, refractoriness, porosity, compressive strength, technical conditions.