GOST 7122-81 PDF

Full title and description

GOST 7122-81 — "Швы сварные и металл наплавленный. Методы отбора проб для определения химического состава" (English: "Weld seams and all‑weld metal. Methods of sample selection for determination of chemical composition"). The standard specifies procedures for sampling weld metal and deposited (surfaced) metal to determine average, layer-by-layer and bead‑by‑bead chemical composition for fusion welds and surfacing produced with filler metal.

Abstract

This standard establishes practical rules for taking samples from welded seams and deposited metal for subsequent chemical analysis. It covers sampling locations, preparation of cut specimens, permitted methods of cutting (mechanical, gas or plasma cutting, drilling), limits for excluded start/stop zones, and additional preparatory actions (grinding, etching, removal of surface layers produced by thermal cutting). The document is intended to ensure representative and reproducible chemical‑analysis samples from single‑ and multi‑pass fusion welds and deposited metal joints.

General information

• Status: Active / In force (listed as действующий in Russian registries).
• Publication date: 1981 (approved by the State Committee — published 5 May 1981; entry into force 1 January 1982).
• Publisher: Gosstandart / Publishing House of Standards (State standard of the USSR; later maintained in national normative collections).
• ICS / categories: ICS 25.160.40 (Welding and allied processes / sampling and test methods for metallurgical products).
• Edition / version: Original 1981 edition (GOST 7122‑81), replacing GOST 7122‑75.
• Number of pages: Typically published as a short standard (commonly shown as 6–7 pages depending on the publisher/format).

Scope

GOST 7122‑81 applies to welds and deposited metal produced by fusion welding and surfacing (single‑ and multi‑pass) where filler metal is used. It does not apply to welds made without filler metal (e.g., diffusion, friction, contact welding) or to processes where sampling rules are not relevant. The standard defines sampling for determination of average composition as well as layer‑by‑layer and bead‑by‑bead analyses.

Key topics and requirements

• Definitions and terminology related to welded seams and deposited metal and to types of chemical‑composition sampling (average, layer, bead).
• Requirements for selection of sampling zones along the weld length (exclusion of start/stop zones with minimum lengths specified by welding method).
• Preparatory operations before sampling: cleaning of scale, rust and contaminants; marking of analysis boundaries; grinding and etching where necessary.
• Allowed methods of removing test specimens: mechanical cutting, gas or plasma cutting (with removal of thermally affected surface layers), drilling, turning, milling — with rules to avoid contamination or composition change.
• Specific instructions for layer‑by‑layer and bead‑by‑bead sampling (including limits on minimum thickness and permitted drilling directions).
• Safety and occupational requirements to be observed during sampling (references to relevant safety GOSTs/standards).

Typical use and users

Used by welding engineers, quality control and metallurgical laboratories, inspection bodies, fabrication shops and contractors involved in structural welding, pressure‑equipment manufacture and repair, surfacing operations, and by certification/technical inspection services that perform chemical verification of weld metal. It is applied when representative chemical‑analysis samples must be taken from welded structures or test specimens.

Related standards

GOST 7122‑81 is referenced alongside other welding and metal testing standards and safety norms, for example standards on non‑destructive testing of welds, mechanical property tests of welded joints and general rules for sampling metals (documents in the GOST system covering welding control methods and metallurgical sampling). It formally replaced GOST 7122‑75 and is commonly used together with standards that define cutting, preparation and testing techniques for metallic samples.

Keywords

weld sampling, weld metal, deposited metal, chemical analysis, sampling methods, welding, GOST 7122‑81, surfacing, layer analysis, bead analysis.

FAQ

Q: What is this standard?

A: GOST 7122‑81 is a national standard that specifies methods for taking samples from welded seams and deposited metal for chemical‑composition determination.

Q: What does it cover?

A: It covers sampling procedures (where to take samples along the weld, how to prepare cut specimens, acceptable cutting/drilling methods, and rules for obtaining average, layer‑by‑layer and bead‑by‑bead analysis samples) for fusion welding and surfacing operations that use filler metal.

Q: Who typically uses it?

A: Welding technologists, metallurgical and chemical laboratories, quality inspectors, fabrication and repair shops, certification and inspection bodies involved in control and testing of welded structures.

Q: Is it current or superseded?

A: The 1981 edition (GOST 7122‑81) replaced GOST 7122‑75 and is listed as in force (active) in national registries and commercial standards collections; some entries show periodic updates or data‑refresh dates in registries (entries consulted date the standard as active). Users should verify the current legal status in the relevant national standards registry before relying on it for regulatory compliance.

Q: Is it part of a series?

A: It belongs to the set of GOST standards covering welding, weld testing and metallurgical sampling and is commonly used together with related GOSTs on non‑destructive testing, mechanical testing and safety in welding operations. It directly replaces the earlier GOST 7122‑75.

Q: What are the key keywords?

A: Weld sampling; deposited metal; chemical composition; sampling methods; average composition; layer analysis; bead analysis; welding quality control; GOST 7122‑81.