IEEE Std 946-2020 PDF
Name in English:
St IEEE Std 946-2020
Name in Russian:
Ст IEEE Std 946-2020
Original standard IEEE Std 946-2020 in PDF full version. Additional info + preview on request
Full title and description
IEEE Std 946-2020 — "IEEE Recommended Practice for the Design of DC Power Systems for Stationary Applications" provides guidance and recommended practices for the design of stationary direct-current (DC) power systems, covering storage batteries (lead‑acid and nickel‑cadmium), static battery chargers/rectifiers, distribution and protection equipment, instrumentation, interconnections, and control to improve reliability, performance, and safety of installations used in power generation, substations, and telecommunication applications.
Abstract
This recommended practice describes principles and practical guidance for sizing and selecting DC system components (batteries, chargers/rectifiers, distribution and protection devices), short‑circuit contribution and calculations, coordination of protective devices for selective tripping, instrumentation and control considerations, and application‑specific design issues for stationary DC power systems. It also lists applications and components excluded from the scope (for example, ac‑to‑ac self‑contained equipment, photovoltaic/wind sizing, engine‑starting dedicated systems, and systems with nominal DC voltages above 2000 V).
General information
- Status: Active Standard.
- Publication date: Published September 23, 2020 (Board approval dated January 30, 2020).
- Publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Power & Energy Society / IEEE Standards Association.
- ICS / categories: Relevant to energy and power systems (includes application areas such as power generation, substations, and telecommunications; related ICS classifications indicated for nuclear/generating stations and stationary power systems in catalog listings).
- Edition / version: 2020 edition — IEEE Std 946-2020 (supersedes IEEE Std 946-2004).
- Number of pages: 74 pages (standard document length as published).
Scope
The standard applies to the design of stationary DC power systems and associated passive or active protection for applications such as power generation, substations, and telecommunications. It addresses storage batteries (lead‑acid and nickel‑cadmium), static battery chargers/rectifiers (including charger sizing), distribution equipment, protection and control equipment, interconnections, and instrumentation. The document explicitly excludes certain items (for example, the ac supply to the chargers, photovoltaic/wind system sizing, dedicated engine‑starting battery loads, motor‑generator sets, and DC systems with nominal voltages above 2000 V).
Key topics and requirements
- Guidance on selecting quantity, type and ratings of storage batteries for float and standby applications.
- Recommendations for sizing static battery chargers/rectifiers and integrating charger performance with battery selection.
- Design principles for DC distribution equipment and interconnection practices to ensure reliability and safety.
- Protection and coordination methods for selective tripping and system reliability, including discussion of short‑circuit calculations and contributions from DC components.
- Instrumentation, control, monitoring and recommended practices for improving operational performance and maintainability.
- Explicit exclusions and special‑service recommendations (e.g., engine starting, emergency lighting, fire‑protection actuation), to guide appropriate application of the practice.
Typical use and users
Primary users are electrical engineers, station designers, utility and plant personnel, telecommunications system designers, battery and charger manufacturers, and consultants responsible for specifying, installing, commissioning, and maintaining stationary DC power systems in generating stations, substations, and telecom facilities. The guide is used to inform design decisions, equipment selection, protective coordination, and short‑circuit considerations.
Related standards
IEEE Std 946-2020 supersedes IEEE Std 946-2004. Other related IEEE recommended practices and standards commonly used with 946 include those for battery maintenance, sizing and installation (for example, IEEE 450 series for lead‑acid battery maintenance and IEEE 485/485‑2020 and IEEE 1115 for battery sizing or nickel‑cadmium guidance), and various PES/ESSB committee documents addressing stationary battery systems and UPS/battery guides. Practitioners often consult these companion documents when designing or maintaining DC power installations.
Keywords
DC power systems; stationary applications; battery sizing; lead‑acid; nickel‑cadmium; battery chargers; rectifiers; distribution equipment; protection coordination; short‑circuit calculation; instrumentation; power generation; substation; telecommunications.
FAQ
Q: What is this standard?
A: IEEE Std 946-2020 is a recommended practice that provides guidance for the design of stationary DC power systems (batteries, chargers/rectifiers, distribution, protection, instrumentation) used in applications such as generating stations, substations and telecommunications.
Q: What does it cover?
A: It covers component selection and sizing (storage batteries and static chargers), distribution and interconnection arrangements, protection and coordination principles (including short‑circuit contribution and calculations), instrumentation and control considerations, and application‑specific exclusions and recommendations.
Q: Who typically uses it?
A: Electrical and power engineers, system designers for utilities and generating stations, telecommunication facility engineers, battery/charger manufacturers, and consultants responsible for DC system specification, installation and maintenance.
Q: Is it current or superseded?
A: IEEE Std 946-2020 is the current active edition published in 2020 and it supersedes IEEE Std 946-2004 (the earlier edition).
Q: Is it part of a series?
A: It is part of IEEE’s portfolio of power and stationary battery documents maintained by the Power & Energy Society (PES) and the Energy Storage & Stationary Battery Committee; designers commonly use it together with other IEEE battery and installation guides (e.g., IEEE standards on battery maintenance and sizing).
Q: What are the key keywords?
A: DC power systems, batteries, battery chargers, rectifiers, distribution, protection coordination, short‑circuit, battery sizing, stationary applications, telecommunication, power generation.